① Working frequency
According to the working frequency of the transformer, it can generally be divided into low-frequency transformers and high-frequency transformers. For example, in daily life, the frequency of power-frequency alternating current is 50Hz, and we call the transformers working at this frequency low-frequency transformers; and high-frequency transformers The operating frequency can reach tens of rs232 to ethernet adapter KHz to hundreds of KHz. The low-frequency transformer and the high-frequency transformer with the same output power, the volume of the high-frequency transformer is much smaller than that of the low-frequency transformer. The transformer is a relatively large component in the power supply circuit. While ensuring the output power, if you want to make the volume small, a high-frequency transformer must be used, so a high-frequency transformer will be used in the switching power supply.
②Working principle
The working principles of high-frequency transformers and low-frequency transformers are the same, and they both use the principle of electromagnetic induction. However, in terms of materials, the materials used for their cores are different. The iron core of the high-frequency transformer is composed of high-frequency magnetic materials.
③ Transmission signal
In the DC regulated power supply circuit, the low-frequency transformer transmits a sine wave signal. In the switching power supply circuit, the high-frequency transformer transmits a high-frequency pulse square wave signal.
Summary: The functions of transformers mainly include: voltage transformation; impedance transformation; isolation; voltage regulation (magnetic saturation transformer), etc. In almost all electronic products, transformers are used and are an indispensable part. Its principle is simple, and the winding process of the transformer will have different requirements according to different application occasions and different purposes.
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